His full name is generally known as alburuni, for his residence outside abu raihan mohammed ibn ahmad albiruni. Arab scholar abu rayhan albiruni born history channel. Abu rayhan beruni or alberonius latin was a persian scholar and polymath of the 11th century. Portraits biographical and bibliographical articles and books commemorative volumes anthologies medieval sources on albiruni useful links paid resources back to main screen portraits of al. Albiruni, a great muslim scientist, philosopher and historian 171 that the noon of sindh is the sunrise of spain while their spaniards noon is the sunset of sind. One of the most famous of the historic accounts of india is that written in arabic by albiruni. Albiruni is regarded as one of the greatest scholars of the medieval islamic era and was well versed in physics, mathematics, astronomy, and natural sciences, and also distinguished himself as a historian, chronologist and linguist. Sparavigna the science of albiruni dec 20 3 figure 1 albirunis method to measure the radius of the earth, from ref. One of the best known now ruz stories was recorded in the 11th century by the philosopher and scientist abu raihan biruni in his book assar albaghieh surviving monuments. The real answer is abu raihan mohammed ibn ahmad albiruni. Biruni was a versatile scholar and scientist who had equal facility in physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography and history.
He accompanied mahmud in his conquests to south asia. Abu arrayhan muhammad ibn ahmad albiruni 2691 words. On this in 1048, persian scholar, mathematician, astronomer, historian, and geographer, abu rayhan albiruni died. He was the first prominent muslim indologist was one of the greatest intellectuals of the eleventh century. He was an astronomer, mathematician and philosopher, and studied physics and natural sciences. Kitab ul hind urdu by abu rehan al bairooni pdf the. Biruni, al full name, abualrayhan muhammad ibnahmad albiruni. He studied arabic, islamic law, and several branches of knowledge. Abu raihan mohammad ibn ahmad biruni was one of the wellknown figures associated with the court of king mahmoud ghaznavid, who was one of the famous muslim kings of the 11th century a. Abu alrayhan muhammad ibn ahmad albiruni born 45 september 973 in kath, khwarezm, died december 1048 in ghazni known as alberonius in latin and albiruni in english, was a persiankhwarezmian muslim scholar and polymath from the khwarezm region. In 1031, biruni completed his extensive encyclopaedia kitab al qanun al masudi latinized as canon masudicus. Having studied the works of ancient greek scholars like claudius ptolemy and pythagoras, albiruni was of the few people in that time that actually accurately estimated that the earth was round. Born in the city of kheva near ural then was a part of iran in 973 a. He passed his youth on the banks is of the river oxus in the city of khwarizm khiva situated in the republic of uzbaikistan.
Alberuni on india revisiting abu rayhan albiruni and. Abu raihan mohammed ibn ahmad albiruni was a prominent arab scholar and researcher of the middle ages. Abu raihan mohammed ibn ahmad albiruni was a prominent. Melvyn bragg and his guests discuss the central asian polymath albiruni and his eleventhcentury book the india. Upon his return from india, albiruni wrote a book whereby he discusses various theorems pertaining to astronomy, trigonometry, and lunar, solar and planetary motions. Albiruni 9731048 was one of the greatest scientists of all times. Who was the first to make experiments related to astronomy. Abu raihan muhammad albiruni was born in khwarizm now karakalpakskaya in present uzbekistan in 973 c. Allama abu rehan al bairooni was a great scholar of islam and a prominent historian. Abu raihan al biruni atau disebut juga dengan nama al biruni merupakan matematikawan persia, astronom, fisikawan, sarjana, penulis ensiklopedia, filsuf, pengembara, sejarawan, ahli farmasi dan guru, yang banyak menyumbang kepada bidang matematika, filsafat, obatobatan. Chapter 4 albirunis arabic account of the hindu religion 1030 a. Born about five centuries before the renaissance, he proved to.
Once he wrote, i do not scorn to accept truth from whatever source i can find. The medieval golden age, albiruni and the earths radius. Abu raihan mohammad ibn ahmad albiruni was one of the wellknown figures associated with the court of king mahmood ghaznawi, who was one of the famous muslim kings of the 11th century c. In 1018 or 1017, mahmud gaznavi brought albiruni to ghazni, where he remained for the rest of his life. He visited the subcontinent during the ghazvanid dynasty. Sparavigna the science of albiruni dec 20 3 figure 1 albiruni s method to measure the radius of the earth, from ref. Born abu alrayhan muhammad ibn ahmad albiruni in khwarezm, an oasis south of the aral sea in western central asia, in the year 973, albiruni received extensive training in an array of studies from his teacher, the eminent abu nasr mansur. Born in around 973 in the central asian region of chorasmia, albiruni became an itinerant scholar of immense learning, a master of mathematics, medicine, astronomy and many languages. Albiruni wrote an encyclopedic work on india called ta. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services.
What were the views of al biruni regarding historical india. The conqueror brought back many of khwarazms intellectuals and artisans to his capital, including the iranian scholar abul raihan albiruni 973 ca. Biruni article about biruni by the free dictionary. This was very simple yet accurate requiring just four measurements in all to. Ahriman, the evil spirit, removed the blessing and abundance from the land in such a manner that people could find neither food nor drink. Abu raihan biruni 9731053 ce was an iranian scholar whose extraordinary achievements include predicting the existence of landmasses north and south america on the opposite side of the earth and calculating the radius of the earth five centuries before the european renaissance. Known to subsequent generations as alustadh the master, albiruni was primarily an astronomer, mathematician, and linguist, but his wideranging interests and intellect involved him in. Alberuniabu raihan mohammad ibn ahmad biruni 973 ad1048 adborn in khwarism uzbekistan died in ghazni afghanistan he was in the court of sultan ma slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Media in category abu rayhan albiruni the following 25 files are in this category, out of 25 total.
Al bairooni wrote a book with the title of kitab ul hind. In this paper, we will discuss some of his experimental methods and some instruments he used. He was conversant in khwarezmian, persian, arabic, sanskrit, and also knew greek, hebrew and syriac. The abu raihan albiruni centre for oriental manuscripts at tashkent state institute of oriental studies episode 1 up until the age of the great sea voyages in the late middle ages the silk road was the most important link between the mediterranean in europe and the. Chapter 4 albirunis arabic account of the hindu religion. Albiruni was a versatile scholar and scientist who had equal facility in physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography and history. He spent a large part of his life in ghazni in modernday. Most people would say galileo, ptolemy, or some scientist from the renaissance. The offered writing is an urdu version of the arabic text. Abu rayhan muhammad ibn ahmad albiruni 3 dhulhijja 362 a. In his books he also discusses the fact that the earth rotates on its own axis and he provides the correct latitudes and longtitudes of a couple of places abu 2014. Kennedy 19122009, abdulfattokh rasulov 18881977, boris abramovich rosenfeld 19172008, and fuat sezgin 19242018. Biruni is a persian word meaning or belonging to outside. Albiruni began by working out the latitudinal and longitudinal locations of various cities in central asia, india, the middleeast and the mediterranean.
Albiruni a pioneering muslim scientist figured out a truly remarkable and ingenious method to calculate the radius of the earth and subsequently its circumference etc. Jurnal ilmiah pendidikan fisika albiruni albiruni journal of physics education, pissn. The prince and ruler of khwarizm professed ardent zeal for science and arts, and encouraged. The abu raihan albiruni centre for oriental manuscripts. Biruni, al article about biruni, al by the free dictionary. His knowledge of several languages helped him in understanding the available work and bring together a fresh and original. It is tries to analyze al biruni as a muslim critical thinker based on his monumental work of tahqiq ma li al hind min maqulah maqbulah fi al aql aw mardhulah or it is known by kitab al hind. Al biruni, chronology of the ancient nations the work known in english as chronology of the ancient nations was written in arabic by the famous astronomer and polymath abu rayhan albiruni or albayruni in the year. It was an an extensive encyclopedia on astronomy, geography, and engineering, named after masud, son of mahmud of ghazni, to whom he dedicated the book astronomy edit file.
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